Of course, they suck for completely different reasons, which is part of the frustration. And each have places where they shine. Why can’t there be a nice combination of all three? That would be perfect.

Why Mac OS X sucks:

• Apple is becoming a controlling, closed system, and with the advent of the Apple App store, developers have to go through an approval process to get their apps on the store, there are specific things you can’t include in an app in the store, and there will come a time when most people get their software through the store, so there will be less and less incentive to maintain non-app store versions of software apps
• These days, you can find most kinds of software for the Mac, but there still is a relative paucity of apps in comparison to Windows.

Why Windows sucks:

• Viruses, Trojans and Worms, Oh My!
• Although I have only seen the Blue Screen of Death once in my year of Windows 7 use, there are still inexplicable slow-downs, crashes, and weird problems. And it takes FOREVER to boot, even with Soluto.
• Internet Explorer

Why Linux (in my case Ubuntu) sucks:

• I have to go through arcane (and luckily for me, fairly painless) procedures to get simple things to work (like plugging a headset with a mic into my jack!)
• Hardware manufacturers ignore Linux for the most part
• Most software developers don’t make Linux versions

The only good news I can see is that the operating system is getting less and less relevant. And, on balance, for me, Linux is winning. Now that dropbox and scrivener work on Linux, and I’m moving from Quicken to some online cloudish thing (suggestions?), I can pretty much leave Windows behind. (Oh, there is still Netflix. Sigh.)

I’ll start with basic graphics – graphic manipulation tools. Of course, on the proprietary side is the ever present and predominant Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator. And, honestly, they are very good tools, and considered industry standards.

On the open source side, the projects that stand out are GIMP (a Photoshop replacement) and Inkscape (a vector graphics program – like Illustrator). I’ve used GIMP for many years, and I don’t generally do a whole lot with graphics, but it always serves my needs.  There has been a lot of back and forth about the GIMP user interface. It is very unlike that of Photoshop. So much so, in fact that someone came up with another project called Gimpshop, which re-does the UI to better match Photoshop.

Both GIMP and Inkscape are completely cross-platform, and available for Mac, Windows and Linux. I’ll leave it to the graphics professionals to say for sure, but they are both worth a look if you don’t want to plunk down hundreds of $ for Photoshop and Illustrator, and/or you like to work with open source tools.

The other realm of stuff that I know some about is video. In term of viewing, on the proprietary side are the players that come with the proprietary operating systems. Itunes/Quicktime comes native with MacOS, and Windows Media Player for Windows. One doesn’t have to pay for these, so it’s a bit hard for open source (or other products, even) to compete. Which is perhaps why the other major proprietary video player, Real Player, has had such a hard time catching on for all of these years. I notice now they seem to have added a ton of features (like video conversion from one format to another).

On the open source side, one program you must know about is VLC by VideoLAN. Totally cross-platform (so cross-platform, they have a version for BeOS!) It plays everything. I mean, everything.This means you don’t have to have several video players around to play different formats. I use it constantly – it’s my go-to video player. It has a bunch of other features as well.

In terms of video editing, again, the proprietary programs have somewhat of a leg up on the open source, although a recent entry into the field may well change that (see below). On the “low-end” (for people like me who make videos like this,) there is, like in the video playing arena, iMovie and Windows Movie Maker, made by Apple and Microsoft respectively, for their own platforms. (An aside, a lot has been said about the crapware iMovie has become – it used to be a really good video editor.) There are other proprietary products as well. I’ve used TrakAxPC, which has a free version and a paid version. There are a variety of other low-end video editing options. There are low-end versions of Adobe’s Premier (called Elements) and Apple’s Final Cut (called Final Cut Express.) On the high end (where I’d love to work more), there is Apple’s Final Cut (only available on Apple hardware) and Adobe Premier (cross-platform). There are also quite a number of high-end, Hollywood products, like Avid (a side note, I used Avid a little bit, way back when it was the first and only non-linear video editing platform).

On the open source end, there are some notable entries. Blender is a very popular cross-platform open source 3-D modeling, animation and editing tool. It’s actually pretty amazing what it can do. (There is a study that compares a bunch of 3D tools for professionals, you can see how Blender stacks up.) Another notable entry is Cinelerra, which only runs on Linux. (You can see videos edited with Cinelerra on Vimeo.) A recent entry into the fray, and the one that might make a huge difference, is Lightworks. This is one of the video editors that Hollywood uses that used to be proprietary. It will go open source later in the year, but you can grab it for free right now. Yes, a Hollywood-quality video editor for free, and soon to be open source. It’s Windows only for now, though.

In summary, proprietary software has the popularity edge, mostly. From this non-graphic professional’s perspective, it seems that one would not be left wanting if you went the open source route, however.

At the moment, if you want to integrate Drupal and Salesforce, you have three options:

1. Use the contributed modules (or have a developer install and configure them for you).
2. Use Jackson River’s Springboard.
3. Roll your own (or have a developer roll your own for you.)

I’m going to talk in much detail about #1 in a bit. I’ve not had any experience with Springboard, but it’s important to understand that it is not open source, and is only maintained by one shop. That is going to be an inherent weakness – no matter what. I don’t know enough about it to match it to the contributed modules, but it’s hard to imagine that it’s possible for it to keep up, given the nature of open source development. All of that said, it’s supposed to be an interesting all-in-one sort of option, so it’s probably worth a look.

Rolling your own is always a precarious proposition. I frankly can’t imagine much of a situation where  it would be preferable to modifying what’s available and contributing the mods back.

So what is the status of the Drupal modules? Right now, there is an alpha release for Drupal 6, which is alpha in that very humble open source sense – it’s being used in quite a number of production sites. It includes some great stuff. You can see an overview here, in the slide deck for a talk given at NTC last week, which compares the integration of Salesforce with 3 of the big open source CMS platforms, Plone, Drupal, and Joomla.

There are four major projects:

• Salesforce Suite, which includes:
  • The API – the core module that does the communicating with the Salesforce API
  • Contrib – a module that provides support for import/export from contributed modules
  • Export Queue (experimental) for queuing exports
  • Import – importing data from SF
  • Match – for matching objects before creating new ones
  • Node – for linking Drupal nodes to SF objects
  • Notifications (experimental, sort of – it’s worked quite well for me) – allowing Drupal to handle SF outbound messages
  • User – matching users to SF objects
• Salesforce/Ubercart – provides integration for Ubercart. Uses the Salesforce Suite API
• Salesforce Feeds – allows for feeding SF records into Drupal via Feeds. Also uses the Salesforce Suite API
• Salesforce Webform – Allows for passing data from a Drupal Webform to Salesforce. Currently does not use the Salesforce Suite API, and cannot be used on the same site as the Salesforce Suite, but hopefully that will change soon.

All of these modules are actively maintained, there is an active base of folks using and contributing (including me) and there are plans afoot for Drupal 7, with big improvements. Of course, there are still some snaggy spots, and it helps if you know some about Salesforce to have this work really well, but I’ve gotten good results doing two-way sync of user and node data with the Salesforce Suite, as well as used the Salesforce Feeds module some.

If you use Salesforce, want integration, and are pondering a CMS choice, definitely check out the overview slides. If you are using Drupal, want integration, and considering a CRM, definitely consider Salesforce. And if you are already using both, and looking to find ways to integrate them, drop me a line, I can either directly help you, or point you in the direction of folks who can.

And, in my experience over the past 15 years, it’s where organizations are willing to spend the most money on technology – often more than on their website or other technology tools – for good reason. Because of this, the deck has always been stacked against open source tools in this arena. The sheer number of vendors providing this toolset for nonprofits is huge (although rapidly shrinking.) Two of them (Convio and Blackbaud) are even publicly traded companies, which says a lot about the profit potential of this vertical.

On the proprietary side, there is a wide range of available tools, from the relatively inexpensive, like Salesforce (web-based, including Convio Common Ground and the Nonprofit Starter Pack,) eTapestry (web-based, now owned by Blackbaud), Democracy in Action, and GiftWorks (desktop) to the egregiously expensive (you know which ones I mean.) Both NTEN and Idealware are the best sources for information about the range of options for this toolset – that’s out of scope for this post.

As you can tell, I’ve lumped SaaS tools like Salesforce, DIA and eTapestry in with proprietary in this post – that’s because that’s what they are – proprietary. However, Salesforce in particular has a leg up that most other proprietary tools don’t have, because of their open APIs and their incredibly robust development platform. That combination is impossible to beat if you need integration, ease of data movement, and a lot of customization. From my perspective, open data (via open APIs) can sometimes be more important to consider than whether or not a tool is open source – since integration with other tools, as well as using external tools of various sorts is critical. Closed data systems, difficult to integrate systems, or systems that require payment to get access to your data should be avoided at all cost.

On the open source side, there are a number options: you can choose an open source CRM package (designed for business), like SugarCRM, and use it or customize it for use in a nonprofit, use CiviCRM, or choose the desktop-based nonprofit CRM called MPX (built by a company called Orange Leap.) I’m excited about a new Drupal project called “Red Hen CRM” but it’s very fledgeling.

CiviCRM is a web-based open source nonprofit-focused CRM/Donation management tool. It’s been around for a while now, and is used by many organizations, some quite large (like the Wikimedia Foundation.) It is quite broad in its feature set – it has donation pages, event management, e-newsletter functionality, even a case-management system. I’ve installed, configured and administered CiviCRM many times, still work with it, and I have, like most developers, a love/hate relationship with it:

• I love that it’s open source/free software
• It’s got a great community of developers and users
• I love that it’s feature rich – you cannot find the whole set of things it does in any proprietary tool that I’ve seen.
• It is a tool that has unmatched cost-effectiveness for small organizations
• It’s great that it integrates with both Drupal and Joomla (although the Drupal integration is by far the most solid – and it is a very nice integration – hard to get with proprietary tools.)
• It is relatively easy to set up for most functionality

But …

• Data migration into CiviCRM is often nightmarish (this is really where the hate lies)
• Reporting tools are improving, but don’t match the proprietary versions
• It can sometimes be pretty tough to handle complex issues
• It can be tough to troubleshoot issues

MPX is a desktop tool, and although it is open source (GPLv3,) unlike CiviCRM, or SugarCRM, it is built on top of a proprietary stack (.Net/MS SQL Server.) It has primarily been used in faith-based organizations (that is Orange Leap’s primary client base.) But it’s a very full featured product, and quite mature.

So if you are a small organization that perhaps is still working with spreadsheets, CiviCRM is a great idea to check out. But in general, there are a lot choices and, sadly, few of them are open source.

So what does someone do who builds their houses right on top of the LAMP stack (M standing for MySQL)?

For most folks, especially if they build on shared hosting infrastructures, this just isn’t an issue. They depend upon their hosting providers, for whom it may or may not be an issue – but they won’t have to think about it. For those folks in a position to choose which database software to use, (for example, you use VPS systems like Amazon, Slicehost, Linode, etc.,) then I think there are two pretty good options:

• Go with MariaDB, which is basically a drop-in replacement for MySQL (and conveniently starts with an “M”.)
• Switch to PostgreSQL.

MariaDB is a branch of MySQL that came about because of the uncertainty relating to Oracle’s ownership of MySQL. From the website:

In most respects MariaDB will work exactly as MySQL: all commands, interfaces, libraries and APIs that exist in MySQL also exist in MariaDB. There is no need to convert databases to switch to MariaDB. MariaDB is a true drop in replacement of MySQL! Additionally, MariaDB has a lot of nice new featuresthat you can take advantage of.

The problem is that the major Linux distributions (Ubuntu, Debian, RedHat) don’t yet have MariaDB in their repositories, so it will be a while before MariaDB is an easy apt-get or yum away from installation (there are some independent repositories and builds.)

PostgreSQL is a different beast entirely. It’s been an also-ran in the open source database race, and I was, for many years, quite faithful to it. It’s a very solid database, and it was ACID compliant before MySQL was. It’s major weakness (and why the LAMP stack is called that and not the LAPP stack) was that it was a fair bit slower than MySQL. But  that weakness has long been taken care of, but the damage was already done.

Many open source web database systems can use PostgreSQL instead of MySQL at this point. But PostgreSQL doesn’t have the same large user base, and doesn’t have many of the same web-based and desktop tools that MySQL does. There are differences in the SQL commands and such, and the command-line interface looks different. There is also a big difference in how Auto-numbered fields get handled, but that’s not really an issue that folks who don’t dive into deep database and code need to deal with.

So which to go with? It probably makes sense to wait a bit, first for MariaDB to make it into mainstream repositories, etc., and also to see what the fate of MySQL is. And checking out PostgreSQL is always a good option, it’s a very good database system, and the likely flight from MySQL might do the project some good.

On the proprietary side, still, sits Internet Explorer, now about ready to pop with version 9. It definitely depends on who is gathering the data, but IE has about 44% of the market. This is down significantly from its high point, back in the dark ages of 2005, when it garnered over 90%. It has been dropping steadily since. This drop has been primarily, but not exclusively due to the open source browser, Firefox. More recently, however, two other proprietary browsers, Opera and Safari, have been increasing their own market shares. Now, Opera gets about 2% of the market (up from microscopic some years ago.) Safari, used mainly by Apple Mac users (although there is a Windows version) now gets about 5% of the market.

On the open source side, Firefox is certainly the leader, with a bit less than 30% of the market. Chrome, which is sort of an open source browser, is now getting around 14% of the market. So what do I mean when I say Chrome is “sort of an open source browser”?  Chromium, is the open source project which results in the browser Chrome – but there are a bunch of additions Google makes to Chrome which are proprietary, and not in the Chromium codebase.

So, anyway, basically, between Firefox and Chrome, the open source side is a smidge in the lead over the proprietary side, but it’s pretty close to even. And still, the primary reason for the difference is that IE still ships with Windows (and Safari with Mac OS X), and if people don’t take the step to download and install another browser if they are a windows user, they will still just be using IE.

In the mobile space, things are very interesting. Opera mobile is in the lead, with about 21%, followed by iPhone, Nokia, and Blackberry. These are all proprietary. Bringing up the rear is Android, at 16%. But I’m sure that is going to change as Android begins to gobble up the moble smartphone market share.

Here are my stats:

Here are the stats from Statcounter:

It’s a bit hard to see, but my stats have IE as third, where as the Statcounter stats have IE as out front, by a fair bit. Also, my stats have Chrome in 2nd place, and they have Chrome in 3rd, even with Safari, and a fair bit below Firefox.

This falls into the category of “things that make you go hmmmmm…”  Although in some ways, it makes sense, given that my audience is much more tech-savvy than the audiences of most websites.

(For instance, my personal site, that gets much less traffic, and is likely a less techy crowd, has stats much more similar to Statcounter than this blog.)

So, anyway, way to go readers, making Firefox first! And for those 37 of you who visited this year using IE6, shame on you. Be nice to web developers and ditch IE 6, please?

I’ll write a series of posts, and cover the following topics:

• Desktop software (OS, Office Suites, browsers, utility software, and other good stuff.)
• Comparisons of open source vs. proprietary development environments (i.e. PHP vs. .NET and that sort of thing.)
• CMS
• Non-profit CRM (including “SaaS” in the proprietary camp)
• CRM/ERP more generally
• Document Management
• Other web applications
• Open Source Communities, and how they have changed (and not)

I don’t know what order I’ll write about these things – I guess just as the mood strikes me.

For 85% of what most nonprofits (and individuals) need out of MS Office, you can get in this package for free. Sorry, clippy not included. OpenOffice.org has come an incredibly long way since the old days, and it is, now, quite a credible competitor to MS Office.

But then … Oracle bought Sun. And just like the fears that many in the MySQL community have had about the future of MySQL under Oracle’s watch (Oracle shut down the OpenSolaris project, for example), people were worried about the future of OpenOffice.org. And the cool thing about open source software is that in situations like this, people can fork stuff. And they did. They formed an organization called the Document Foundation, and forked the code from version 3.3 of OpenOffice.org, and called it LibreOffice.

All of the major Linux distributions are going to include LibreOffice, some as the default office suite. I’ve already been using LibreOffice, and intend to stick with it, since IMHO, a good bet is that anything FOSS will flounder and probably die in Oracle’s hands. (Which is why I am also keeping a keen eye on MySQL drop-in replacements, as well. You’ll read about that one here.)

The Desktop

About 10 years ago, the very big FOSS vs. Proprietary battle was between Linux and Microsoft. The “year of the Linux desktop”, where Linux becomes a dominant force in the desktop computing world, was predicted, but never came. It never will come. Er, well. No, actually it will, but it will be in the form that no one could have predicted: Android.

Android is based on a modified Linux kernel. If Linux had never existed, Android probably would never have existed. Smart phones and tablets are going to be the new desktops, and yes, the Apple iPad is there first, but like the Macintosh and the iPhone, there will be a wave of successor devices running Android that will overtake the iPad in a matter of a year or two, relegating Apple to a niche player once more. And this has moved so fast, that Microsoft will also be a small niche player.

Speaking of Apple and FOSS, Apple’s OS X and iOS are based on the BSD operating system – another open source *NIX that has been around for a while. If it hadn’t been for BSD, it’s likely OS X and iOS wouldn’t be what they are today.

The Server to the Cloud

Also ’round about 10 years ago, the battle was brewing between Linux and BSD, and proprietary UNIX like SCO and Sun, as well as between Linux and Windows. For a while, Linux (and to a lesser extend, BSD) was winning only against the proprietary UNIX flavors, and Windows servers were heavily favored still by enterprises that needed stuff like Exchange. That was true until … the cloud.

The cloud would not exist without FOSS. There is no way that the kind of inexpensive cloud architecture could have developed if everyone had to have depended on proprietary, licensed software. The cost required to either pay software makers, or recreate everything needed from scratch would have made something like the cloud, or a Google, so expensive as to be impossible.

But what’s also true is that “the cloud” is, at its core, supremely proprietary. Not only do you not have access to the code running something like, say, Salesforce.com, but in some cases (such as the case of Facebook) the cloud service providers own your data, too! Even if you wanted to, you couldn’t download your own copy of Google Apps to run on your desktop.

And, at the same time, the cloud provides you with an ever increasing set of features and functionalities, with ever increasing ease of use, at ever decreasing costs. This is both made possible by open source software, and is completely proprietary.

So there you have it. Open source software has won. It underlies the bulk of the current technologies we use everyday. And, at the same time, even everybody interacts with FOSS every day, they don’t (and won’t) know it. And proprietary software has won, because in the final analysis, it’s the proprietary layers on top of FOSS that people see and know, even though it depends completely on FOSS.